Martes, Marso 20, 2012


A. Biography



Imogene King

Date of Birth:  January 30, 1923
 
Interesting Facts:

1966- 1968: King worked as Assistant Chief of the Research Grants Branch of the Division of Nursing in Washington, D.C. under Dr. Jessie Scott.
1968 -1972: She was the director of the Ohio State University School of Nursing.
1961- 1966: She was an Associate Professor.
1971-1980: Become a Professor at Loyola University in Chicago.
1980-1990: As a professor at the University of South Florida's College of Nursing in Tampa, Florida, She retired with the title Professor Emeritus.


Educational Attainment:  
  • St. John’s Hospital of Nursing –earned diploma in 1945
  •  St. Louis University –earned BSN in Education(1948) and MSN(1957)
  • Teachers College, Columbia University –Doctor of Education(1961)
  • Southern Illinois UniversityPh.D.(1980)

Publications:
·      Toward a theory for nursing: General concepts of human behavior (1971)
·        A theory for Nursing: Systems, Concepts, Process (1981)
·        Curriculum and Instru
·        ction in Nursing: Concepts and Process (1986)

B. Concept:

  Person



· An individual has the capacity to think, feel, choose, select, perceive and make decisions.
· Individuals are open systems in transaction with the environment.

· Individuals are spiritual beings.
· Individuals are unique and holistic.

· Individuals differ in needs, wants, and goals.


Nursing

It is process of action, reaction, interaction and transaction. Nurse and Patient share goals, problems. The goal of the nurse is to help individuals to maintain their health. Domain of the nurse is to promote, maintain, and restore health.



Health


Health is dynamic state in the life cycle; illness is interference in the life cycle. Health “implies continuous adjustment to stress in the internal and external environment.

Environment

Open systems imply that interaction occurs between the system and system’s environment. Transaction connotes that no separateness exists between human beings and environment.

C. Assumption                                                          

            King’s interacting system framework and Theory of Goal Attainment are “based on an overall assumption that the focus of nursing is human beings interacting with their environment leading to a state of health for individuals, which is an ability to function in social roles” (King, 1981)

D. Theoretical Assertions
         
            King’s theory of goal attainment (1981) focuses on interpersonal system and the interactions that take place between individuals, specifically in the nurse-patient relationship. In the nursing process, each member of the dyad perceives other, makes judgments, and takes actions. The system is open to permit feedback because each phase of the activity potentially influences perception.


E. Application
          

King’s Theory of Goal Attainment can be used in the emergency room setting. The assessment phase of the nursing process can take in the concepts associated with the personal system. The patient’s feelings of perception, self body image, growth and development, time and space must be considered after doing the primary survey of airway, breathing and circulation. An example is a trauma patient in the emergency room who had a traumatic amputation of an arm due to a motor vehicle accident. Once the patient is hemodynamically stable the nurse’s attention is refocused on assisting the patient cope with the feelings of loss, separation and anger that he was experiencing. Attempting to restore the patient’s self-esteem in the light of the traumatic loss was a mutually established goal between the nurse and the client. It was also important for the nurse to realize that the patient’s perceptual field was narrowed because of the pain and emotion that he was experiencing. King’s theory highlights the importance of the participation of the individuals in decision making and deals with the choices, alternatives, and outcomes of nursing care.
References:                                                               

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