A. Biography
Imogene King
Date of Birth: January 30, 1923
Interesting Facts:
1966-
1968: King worked as Assistant Chief of the Research Grants Branch of the
Division of Nursing in Washington, D.C. under Dr. Jessie Scott.
1968
-1972: She was the director of the Ohio State University School of
Nursing.
1961-
1966: She was an Associate Professor.
1971-1980:
Become a Professor at Loyola University in Chicago.
1980-1990:
As a professor at the University of South Florida's College of Nursing in
Tampa, Florida, She retired with the title Professor Emeritus.
Educational Attainment:
- St. John’s Hospital of Nursing –earned diploma in 1945
- St. Louis University –earned BSN in Education(1948) and MSN(1957)
- Teachers College, Columbia University –Doctor of Education(1961)
- Southern Illinois University –Ph.D.(1980)
Publications:
·
Toward a theory
for nursing: General concepts of human behavior (1971)
·
A theory for
Nursing: Systems, Concepts, Process (1981)
·
Curriculum and
Instru
·
ction in Nursing:
Concepts and Process (1986)
B. Concept:
Person
· An individual has
the capacity to think, feel, choose, select, perceive and make decisions.
· Individuals are
open systems in transaction with the environment.
·
Individuals are
spiritual beings.
· Individuals are
unique and holistic.
·
Individuals
differ in needs, wants, and goals.
Nursing
It is process of
action, reaction, interaction and transaction. Nurse and Patient share goals,
problems. The goal of the nurse is to help individuals to maintain their
health. Domain of the nurse is to promote, maintain, and restore health.
Health
Health
is dynamic state in the life cycle; illness is interference in the life cycle.
Health “implies continuous adjustment to stress in the internal and external
environment.
Environment
Open
systems imply that interaction occurs between the system and system’s
environment. Transaction connotes that no separateness exists between human
beings and environment.
C. Assumption
King’s interacting system framework and Theory
of Goal Attainment are “based on an overall assumption that the focus of
nursing is human beings interacting with their environment leading to a state
of health for individuals, which is an ability to function in social roles”
(King, 1981)
D. Theoretical Assertions
King’s
theory of goal attainment (1981) focuses on interpersonal system and the
interactions that take place between individuals, specifically in the
nurse-patient relationship. In the nursing process, each member of the dyad
perceives other, makes judgments, and takes actions. The system is open to
permit feedback because each phase of the activity potentially influences
perception.
E. Application
King’s Theory of Goal Attainment can be used in the emergency room setting. The assessment phase of the nursing process can take in the concepts associated with the personal system. The patient’s feelings of perception, self body image, growth and development, time and space must be considered after doing the primary survey of airway, breathing and circulation. An example is a trauma patient in the emergency room who had a traumatic amputation of an arm due to a motor vehicle accident. Once the patient is hemodynamically stable the nurse’s attention is refocused on assisting the patient cope with the feelings of loss, separation and anger that he was experiencing. Attempting to restore the patient’s self-esteem in the light of the traumatic loss was a mutually established goal between the nurse and the client. It was also important for the nurse to realize that the patient’s perceptual field was narrowed because of the pain and emotion that he was experiencing. King’s theory highlights the importance of the participation of the individuals in decision making and deals with the choices, alternatives, and outcomes of nursing care.
Created By: Chelsie Joy D. Pilapil & Katrina Anne D. Odrada :)
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