Sr. Callista Roy

Background

Sr. Callista Roy

•Born October 14, 1943

•Professor at William F.  Connell School of Nursing(Boston)

•Clinical Scholar at University of California (San Francisco)

•Post doctorial studies in Neuroscience Nursing at University of California.

•Bachelor of Science in Nursing in Mount Saint Mary College( Los Angeles)

BEST KNOWN....

ROY ADAPTATION MODEL OF NURSING

•An intervention study to engage families in cognitive revival of patients.

•Also includes conceptualizing, measuring and developing the philosophical basis for Adaptation Model and Epistemology of Nursing.

NUMEROUS PUBLICATIONS

•Introduction of Nursing: An Adaptation Model.

•Essentials of the Roy Adaptation Model.

•Theory Construction in Nursing: An Adaptation Model.

•Essentials of the Roy Adaptation Model.

•Roy Adaptation Model: The Definitive Statement.

METAPARADIGM

PERSON

•an adaptive system with coping mechanisms manifested by adaptive modes:

(physiologic, self-concept, role concept, interdependence)

PHYSIOLOGIC ADAPTIVE MODE-  physiologic needs like sleeping, eating ,drinking.

•  FIVE NEEDS

1. Oxygenation

2. Nutrition

3. Elimination

4. Activity

5. Rest and protection four regulatory processes.

•FOUR REGULATORY PROCESSES

1. The Senses

2. Fluids and Electrolytes

3. Neurologic

4. Endocrine Functions

SELF-CONCEPT MODE- determined by interaction with others.

EXAMPLE:

  It is nice to hear someone say, “You look beautiful today.”

ROLE FUNCTION MODE - refers to the performance of duties based on given societal forms or expectations.

EXAMPLE:

 In today’s society, a “mothering” role often includes being a breadwinner and so a working woman needs to return to her work soon after the delivery of her baby.

INTERDEPENDENCE MODE -involves ways of seeking help, affection, and attention.  It is also the ability to love, respect, value and accept.

EXAMPLE:

When a baby wants something he/she cries to get what he/she wants.

ENVIRONMENT   

It encompasses all conditions, circumstances, and influences surrounding and affecting the development and behavior of persons and groups.

HEALTH

•is a state of being and becoming an integrated whole.

•Conversely, illness is lack of integration.

NURSING

•an external regulatory force that can modify stimuli which produce adaptations. It can either maintain, increase or decrease stimuli. 

•The consequence of nursing is the person’s adaptation to these stimuli depending on his position on the health-illness continuum.

KEY CONCEPTS AND THEORETICAL ASSERTIONS:

Adaptive/effective Response through FOUR Adaptation Models

GOAL OF NURSING – to promote the person’s adaptation along the four adaptive modes and  the person must be able to adapt if he is able to cope with the constantly changing environment. 

There two types of systems at work.

REGULATORS

- external stimuli that are processed through the neural-chemical-endocrine channels

-refers to internal and external stimuli processed through cognition pathways.

-The level of adaptation of a person is determined by the combined effect of stimuli which could either be focal, contextual or residual.

COGNATORS

-internal and external stimuli processed through cognition pathways.

The level of adaptation of a person is determined by the combined effect of stimuli which could either be focal, contextual or residual.

FOCAL STIMULI -these are those that immediately confront the person,

•EXAMPLE: Pricking of skin tissue during injection of drugs.

CONTEXTUAL STIMULI - these are all other stimuli present or contributing factors in the situation.

•EXAMPLE: Hunger or Loud therapy environment as contextual stimuli may distract the rehabilitation patient from concentrating on the therapy.

RESIDUAL STIMULI -are unknown factors such as beliefs, attitudes or traits that have an intermediate effect or influence on the present situation.

•EXAMPLE:The false belief that a patient cannot take a bath after an injection.

Theoretical Assertion

•Roy’s model revolves around the concept of man as an adaptive system.

•The person scans the environment for stimuli and ultimately adapts.

•The nurse, as part of his environment, assists the person in his effort to adapt by appropriately managing his environment.

•Do you now realize how important the role of the nurse in making the patient adapt to attain a level of wellness?

•When you do something for your patient, you will observe that the level of satisfaction of your patient is increased.    

There is decreased level of anxiety or pain. He is able to interact with other people. He does not “pressure” the nurse to stay by the bedside during his pain experience.

Application:

Mang Pedro, 50 year old man has a diabetes fro five years and has not followed the prescribed treatment regime. He has a non-healing wound on his right foot which prompted him to go to the hospital to have it checked. His attending physician scheduled him for a right leg below the knee amputation to prevent further more complication.He past health history revealed that physical examination had been infrequent. He also reported that he did not adhere to the lifestyle changes in medication regime that was prescribed. He smokes  approximately 2 packs of cigarettes a day for the past 10 years. The client claims to drink occasionally.During history taking, the nurse found out that Mang Pedro is married and living with his wife and 3 children in a semi-concrete house in which he describes as less sanitary. He is working as a janitor  in the local municipal office. His wife is unemployed and he describes her as emotionally distant and verbally abuse at times because of financial stability. He has done well after surgery though he complains of pain in the operative site with a scale of 8 out of 10. During  discharge, the nurse discusses the importance of rehabilitation, strict drug compliance and lifestyle changes. Eventually, Mang Pedro became agitated and said “Namatay ang tatal at lola ko dahil sa diabetes. Bakit pa ako magbabago kung mamamatay din ako dahil sa sakit na iyon?”When the nurse explored his feelings  about what he said, Mang Pedro became extremely tearful and express his great concern about being him being worthless. He was worried about his future and his family. He believes that this illness is a punishment for his past life.

Presented By:

PANTANGCO, Ramona Evan

BASAWIL, Leah Marie